abstract：:At the optic chiasm, axons from either eye meet and decide whether to cross contralaterally or turn back ipsilaterally. Here, the guidance ligand Slit and its receptor Robo control not whether axons cross (as in other midline decisions), but where the chiasm forms. Whether axons cross is instead controlled by the tran...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Rasband K,Hardy M,Chien CB

更新日期：2003-09-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Propagation in higher animals requires the efficient and accurate display of innate mating behaviors. In Drosophila melanogaster, male courtship consists of a stereotypic sequence of behaviors involving multiple sensory modalities, such as vision, audition, and chemosensation. For example, taste bristles located in th...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Bray S,Amrein H

更新日期：2003-09-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Basolateral amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex are implicated in cue-outcome learning. In this issue of Neuron, Schoenbaum et al. show that, following basolateral amygdala lesions, cue-selective neurons in orbitofrontal cortex are more sensory driven and less sensitive to the motivational value of an outcome, suggestin...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： O'Doherty J

更新日期：2003-08-28 00:00:00

abstract：:In the brain, information is encoded by the firing patterns of neuronal ensembles and the strength of synaptic connections between individual neurons. We report here that representation of the environment by "place" cells is altered by changing synaptic weights within hippocampal networks. Long-term potentiation (LTP)...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Dragoi G,Harris KD,Buzsáki G

更新日期：2003-08-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Inflammatory mediators act on peripheral sensory neurons to produce pain and hypersensitivity after tissue injury. In this issue of Neuron, Dina et al. report that inflammatory mediators, such as epinephrine and prostaglandins, appear to couple to specific G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathways through plastic ...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Bhave G,Gereau RW 4th

更新日期：2003-08-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Our perception of fine visual detail relies on small receptive fields at early stages of visual processing. However, small receptive fields tend to confound the orientation and velocity of moving edges, leading to ambiguous or inaccurate motion measurements (the aperture problem). Thus, it is often assumed that neuron...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Pack CC,Livingstone MS,Duffy KR,Born RT

更新日期：2003-08-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanisms generating precise connections between specific thalamic nuclei and cortical areas remain poorly understood. Using axon tracing analysis of ephrin/Eph mutant mice, we provide in vivo evidence that Eph receptors in the thalamus and ephrins in the cortex control intra-areal topographic mapping of thalamoc...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Dufour A,Seibt J,Passante L,Depaepe V,Ciossek T,Frisén J,Kullander K,Flanagan JG,Polleux F,Vanderhaeghen P

更新日期：2003-07-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Local axon degeneration is a common pathological feature of many neurodegenerative diseases and peripheral neuropathies. While it is believed to operate with an apoptosis-independent molecular program, the underlying molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. In this study, we used the degeneration of transected axons,...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Zhai Q,Wang J,Kim A,Liu Q,Watts R,Hoopfer E,Mitchison T,Luo L,He Z

更新日期：2003-07-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent advances in brain imaging techniques, including functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), offer great promise for noninvasive mapping of brain function. However, the indirect nature of the imaging signals to the underlying neural activity limits the interpretation of the resulting maps. The present report r...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Devor A,Dunn AK,Andermann ML,Ulbert I,Boas DA,Dale AM

更新日期：2003-07-17 00:00:00

abstract：:As a means to automate the three-dimensional histological analysis of brain tissue, we demonstrate the use of femtosecond laser pulses to iteratively cut and image fixed as well as fresh tissue. Cuts are accomplished with 1 to 10 microJ pulses to ablate tissue with micron precision. We show that the permeability, immu...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Tsai PS,Friedman B,Ifarraguerri AI,Thompson BD,Lev-Ram V,Schaffer CB,Xiong Q,Tsien RY,Squier JA,Kleinfeld D

更新日期：2003-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The AMPA glutamate receptor (AMPAR) subunits GluR2 and GluR3 are thought to be important for synaptic targeting/stabilization of AMPARs and the expression of hippocampal long-term depression (LTD). In order to address this hypothesis genetically, we generated and analyzed knockout mice deficient in the expression of b...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Meng Y,Zhang Y,Jia Z

更新日期：2003-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The embryonic nervous system is refined over the course of development as a result of the twin processes of naturally occurring cell death and selective axon pruning. Recent studies provide new insights into the molecular events that underlie axon pruning and underscore the diversity of refinement processes employed b...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Kantor DB,Kolodkin AL

更新日期：2003-06-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Local neuronal networks that are responsible for walking are poorly characterized in mammals. Using an innovative approach to identify interneuron inputs onto motorneuron populations in a neonatal rodent spinal cord preparation, we have investigated the network responsible for left-right coordination of the hindlimbs....

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Butt SJ,Kiehn O

更新日期：2003-06-19 00:00:00

abstract：:bHLH and LIM-HD transcription factors were originally thought to act at different stages of neurogenesis: bHLHs as neuronal "inducers" and LIM-HDs as postmitotic subtype determinants. These distinctions are becoming blurred, and a current study by Lee and Pfaff in this issue of Neuron shows that interaction between th...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Allan DW,Thor S

更新日期：2003-06-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Protein scaffolds are essential for specific and efficient downstream signaling at synapses. Though nicotinic receptors are widely expressed in the nervous system and influence numerous cellular events due in part to their calcium permeability, no scaffolds have yet been identified for the receptors in neurons. Here w...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Conroy WG,Liu Z,Nai Q,Coggan JS,Berg DK

更新日期：2003-06-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The formation of topographic neural maps relies on the coordinate assignment of neuronal cell body position and axonal trajectory. The projection of motor neurons of the lateral motor column (LMC) along the dorsoventral axis of the limb mesenchyme constitutes a simple topographic map that is organized in a binary mann...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Kania A,Jessell TM

更新日期：2003-05-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuronal gain control is important for processing information in the brain. Shunting inhibition is not thought to control gain since it shifts input-output relationships during tonic excitation rather than changing their slope. Here we show that tonic inhibition reduces the gain and shifts the offset of cerebellar gra...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Mitchell SJ,Silver RA

更新日期：2003-05-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Nogo-A, a reticulon protein expressed by oligodendrocytes, contributes to the axonal growth inhibitory action of central myelin in growth cone collapse and neurite outgrowth in vitro assays, and antibody and inhibitor studies have implicated a role for Nogo in regeneration in the adult CNS in vivo. Three independent l...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Woolf CJ

更新日期：2003-04-24 00:00:00

abstract：:In rodents, each main olfactory bulb contains two mirror-symmetric glomerular maps, a feature not found in the initial topographic maps of other sensory systems. Targeting tracer injections to identified glomeruli revealed that isofunctional odor columns-translaminar assemblies connected to a given glomerulus-were spe...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Lodovichi C,Belluscio L,Katz LC

更新日期：2003-04-24 00:00:00

abstract：:An autosomal recessive juvenile-onset form of Parkinson's disease (AR-JP) is caused by loss-of-function mutations of the parkin gene, which encodes a ubiquitin-protein ligase. Three recent reports demonstrate that parkin can protect neurons from diverse cellular insults, including alpha-synuclein toxicity, proteasomal...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Feany MB,Pallanck LJ

更新日期：2003-04-10 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been unclear whether the hippocampus is uniquely important for episodic memory (memory for events that are specific to time and place) or whether the hippocampus is also important for learning and remembering facts (semantic memory). In two studies, we assessed the capacity for semantic memory in patients with ...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Manns JR,Hopkins RO,Squire LR

更新日期：2003-04-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies on postmortem brains from Parkinson's patients reveal elevated iron in the substantia nigra (SN). Selective cell death in this brain region is associated with oxidative stress, which may be exacerbated by the presence of excess iron. Whether iron plays a causative role in cell death, however, is controversial....

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Kaur D,Yantiri F,Rajagopalan S,Kumar J,Mo JQ,Boonplueang R,Viswanath V,Jacobs R,Yang L,Beal MF,DiMonte D,Volitaskis I,Ellerby L,Cherny RA,Bush AI,Andersen JK

更新日期：2003-03-27 00:00:00

abstract：:We have combined functional maps of retinotopy (eccentricity and meridian mapping), object category, and motion in a group of subjects to explore the large-scale topography of higher-order object areas. Our results reveal seven consistent category-related entities situated in the occipito-temporal cortex adjoining ear...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Hasson U,Harel M,Levy I,Malach R

更新日期：2003-03-27 00:00:00

abstract：:In nerve terminals, residual Ca(2+) remaining from previous activity can cause facilitation of transmitter release by a mechanism that is still under debate. Here we show that the intracellular Ca(2+) sensitivity of transmitter release at the calyx of Held is largely unchanged during facilitation, which leaves an incr...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Felmy F,Neher E,Schneggenburger R

更新日期：2003-03-06 00:00:00

abstract：:We identified four PDZ domain-containing proteins, syntenin, PICK1, GRIP, and PSD95, as interactors with the kainate receptor (KAR) subunits GluR5(2b,) GluR5(2c), and GluR6. Of these, we show that both GRIP and PICK1 interactions are required to maintain KAR-mediated synaptic function at mossy fiber-CA3 synapses. In a...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Hirbec H,Francis JC,Lauri SE,Braithwaite SP,Coussen F,Mulle C,Dev KK,Coutinho V,Meyer G,Isaac JT,Collingridge GL,Henley JM

更新日期：2003-02-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The Fragile X mental retardation-1 (Fmr1) gene encodes a multifunctional protein, FMRP, with intrinsic RNA binding activity. We have developed an approach, antibody-positioned RNA amplification (APRA), to identify the RNA cargoes associated with the in vivo configured FMRP messenger ribonucleoprotein (mRNP) complex. U...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Miyashiro KY,Beckel-Mitchener A,Purk TP,Becker KG,Barret T,Liu L,Carbonetto S,Weiler IJ,Greenough WT,Eberwine J

更新日期：2003-02-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The Drosophila circadian oscillator consists of interlocked period (per)/timeless (tim) and Clock (Clk) transcriptional/translational feedback loops. Within these feedback loops, CLK and CYCLE (CYC) activate per and tim transcription at the same time as they repress Clk transcription, thus controlling the opposite cyc...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Glossop NR,Houl JH,Zheng H,Ng FS,Dudek SM,Hardin PE

更新日期：2003-01-23 00:00:00

abstract：:We utilized the Cre-LoxP system to establish erbB2 conditional mutant mice in order to investigate the role of erbB2 in postnatal development of the enteric nervous system. The erbB2/nestin-Cre conditional mutants exhibit retarded growth, distended colons, and premature death, resembling human Hirschsprung's disease. ...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Crone SA,Negro A,Trumpp A,Giovannini M,Lee KF

更新日期：2003-01-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Whether cognitive representations are better conceived as language-based, symbolic representations or perceptually related, analog representations is a subject of debate. If cognitive processes parallel perceptual processes, then fundamental psychophysical laws should hold for each. To test this, we analyzed both beha...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Nieder A,Miller EK

更新日期：2003-01-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The maturation of synaptic structures depends on inductive interactions between axons and their prospective targets. One example of such an interaction is the influence of proprioceptive sensory axons on the differentiation of muscle spindles. We have monitored the expression of three transcription factors, Egr3, Pea3...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Hippenmeyer S,Shneider NA,Birchmeier C,Burden SJ,Jessell TM,Arber S

更新日期：2002-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurons that release hypocretin/orexin modulate sleep, arousal, and energy homeostasis; the absence of hypocretin results in narcolepsy. Here we present data on the physiological characteristics of these cells, identified with GFP in transgenic mouse brain slices. Hypocretin-1 and -2 depolarized hypocretin neurons by ...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Li Y,Gao XB,Sakurai T,van den Pol AN

更新日期：2002-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The retina adapts to average light intensity but also to the range of light intensities (contrast). A study by Baccus and Meister, in this issue of Neuron, identifies three ways that ganglion cells and interneurons adapt to high contrast: shorten integration time, reduce gain, and depolarize. Only the depolarization d...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Demb JB

更新日期：2002-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Visual experience before eye-opening is not usually thought to have any developmental significance. Here we show that naturalistic visual stimuli presented through unopened eyelids robustly activate neurons in the ferret dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus. Further, dark-rearing prior to natural eye-opening has striking...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Akerman CJ,Smyth D,Thompson ID

更新日期：2002-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The primary motor cortex (MI) is regarded as the site for motor control. Occasional reports that MI neurons react to sensory stimuli have either been ignored or attributed to guidance of voluntary movements. Here, we show that MI activation is necessary for the somatic perception of movement of our limbs. We made use ...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Naito E,Roland PE,Ehrsson HH

更新日期：2002-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Mammalian neurogenesis is determined by an interplay between intrinsic genetic mechanisms and extrinsic cues such as growth factors. Here we have defined a signaling cascade, a MEK-C/EBP pathway, that is essential for cortical progenitor cells to become postmitotic neurons. Inhibition of MEK or of the C/EBP family of ...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Ménard C,Hein P,Paquin A,Savelson A,Yang XM,Lederfein D,Barnabé-Heider F,Mir AA,Sterneck E,Peterson AC,Johnson PF,Vinson C,Miller FD

更新日期：2002-11-14 00:00:00

abstract：:We used fear conditioning, which is known to alter synaptic efficacy in lateral amygdala (LA), to study molecular mechanisms underlying long-term memory. Following fear conditioning, the tyrosine phosphorylated protein p190 RhoGAP becomes associated with GRB2 in LA significantly more in conditioned than in control rat...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Lamprecht R,Farb CR,LeDoux JE

更新日期：2002-11-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Recently, we found that electrical stimulation of motor cortex caused monkeys to make coordinated, complex movements. These evoked movements were arranged across the cortex in a map of spatial locations to which the hand moved. We suggest that some of the subdivisions previously described within primary motor and prem...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Graziano MS,Taylor CS,Moore T,Cooke DF

更新日期：2002-10-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Experience is a powerful sculptor of developing neural connections. In the primary visual cortex (V1), cortical connections are particularly susceptible to the effects of sensory manipulation during a postnatal critical period. At the molecular level, this activity-dependent plasticity requires the transformation of s...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Taha S,Hanover JL,Silva AJ,Stryker MP

更新日期：2002-10-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent neurophysiological studies reveal that neurons in certain brain structures carry specific signals about past and future rewards. Dopamine neurons display a short-latency, phasic reward signal indicating the difference between actual and predicted rewards. The signal is useful for enhancing neuronal processing a...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Schultz W

更新日期：2002-10-10 00:00:00

abstract：:A series of recent papers highlight a prominent role for ubiquitin in the formation and function of neural circuits. These new results focus attention on the molecular remodeling that occurs at various decision points in the life of growth cones and synapses. ...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Murphey RK,Godenschwege TA

更新日期：2002-09-26 00:00:00